Abstract The essential oils obtained by steam distillation of the seeds of Trachyspermum roxburghianum Benth. ex. Kurz., Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), from Assam, India, were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. Thirty-two compounds were identified in the oils of both immature and mature seeds, accounting for 99.6% and 99.0% of the total yields, rerspectively. The main component was limonene which made up 40.9-47.2% of the bulk of the respective oils. Other notable constituents were sabinene (20.3% and 8.5%, respectively), terpinen-4-ol (8.6% and 12.2%), (Z)-ligustilide (5.1% and 8.0%) and Î³-terpinene (5.6% and 6.7%).