Abstract The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the leaves, bark and fruits of Neolitsea fischeri were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty components comprising 80.3% of the leaf oil, twenty-six components comprising 94.7% of the bark oil and twenty-seven components comprising 78.8% of the fruit oil were identified. The major components in the leaf oil were caryophyllene oxide (33.0%) followed by selin-11-en-4α-ol (14.8%). The bark oil contained 10.2% cadinene and two isomers of cadinol viz. α-cadinol (24.5%) and α-muurolol (22.2%) as the major components, while the fruit oil had α-cadinol (19.9%) and caryophyllene oxide (13.7%) as the major components. The fruit, leaf and bark oils showed moderate to good activity against some of the tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Key Word Index: Neolitsea fischeri Lauraceaeessential oil compositionα-cadinolα-muurololα-cadinenecaryophyllene oxideselin-11-en-4α-olantibacterial activity