The essential oils of leaves and twigs of Myrtus communis with black and white fruits were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The leaves were rich in essential oil (0.77â0.94%) than the twigs (0.05%). More than forty compounds were identified in each leaf essential oils, the major compounds were α-pinene/1,8-cineol with different percent compositions (33.4/42.4%) and (39.3/33.3%) in M. communis with white and black fruits, respectively. Thirty-eight compounds were identified in the essential oils of the twigs among which the main compounds were p-cymene (17.7%), α-pinene (10.8%), 1,8-cineol (13.5%), and limonene (10.7%). While the volatile fraction of M. communis leaves having white fruits extracted by HS-SPME was characterized by high content of limonene (almost 29%), those with black fruits were dominated by cis-β-terpineol (ca. 29%). The enantiomeric ratio of monoterpenes present in the headspace of all M. communis samples determined using enantioselective gas chromatography/mass spectrometry showed (+)/(â)-α-pinene ratio close to 95/5% and exclusive presence of (+)-antipode for limonene.