Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts (leaves and stems) of Piper nigrum L. from Cuba was examined by GC/MS. About 50 compounds have been identified in the stem and leaf oils of this species, accounting for more than 99.8% and 99.5% of the oils, respectively. The major components of these oils were globulol, Î±-pinene, Î²-caryophyllene and Î±-terpinene.