Abstract Volatile oils from aerial parts of 10 Brazilian accessions of Cunila spicata were characterized by analytical gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Twenty-three constituents accounting for 89.04â98.00% of the total essential oil were identified. Four new chemotypes of this species with high concentrations of linalool/1,8-cineole, 1,8-cineole, carvone/carveol, and 1,8-cineole/limonene were identified. Geographically, all the accessions from the Southeast range of Rio Grande do Sul State belonged to the linalool/1,8-cineole chemotype, where those from the Northeast mountains of the State were distributed in the four chemical groups.