Abstract Essential oils from Myrceugenia alpigena, M. campestris, M. mesomischa, M. glaucescens, M. miersiana and M. myrcioides, collected in southern Brazil, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Sixty compounds were identified, representing 91â99% of the oil contents. The oils from M. alpigena and M. mesomischa were quite similar, and rich in monoterpenes, such as Î±-pinene (41.1% and 28.2%, respectively), Î²-pinene (2.2% and 22.0%, respectively) and 2-hydroxyacetophenone (9.9% and 8.3%, respectively). The other species showed a predominance of sesquiterpenes, mainly those from caryophyllene and germacrene cyclization pathway, of which Î²-caryophyllene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide and globulol were the main representatives.