Abstract The essential oils of Piper dactylostigmum Yuncker, P. plurinervosum Yuncker and P. vitaceum Yuncker collected at Amazonas State, Brazil, were steam distillated and analyzed by GC/MS. The volatile composition of the oil of P. dactylostigmum was constituted only of sesquiterpenes where Î±-cadinol (21.7%) was the most abundant. The oil of P. plurinervosum was dominated by 1,8-cineole (31.6%). The main components identified in the oil of P. vitaceum were limonene (33.2%), p-cymene (12.8%) and (E)-nerolidol (20.6%).