Abstract The essential oil of the aerial parts of Teucrium scordium L. (Lamiaceae), one endemic species growing in Iran was analyzed via GC and GC/MS. Forty components representing about 94.6% of the oil were identified. Pulegone (39.1%) and Î²-ryophyllene (20.1%) were the main constituents. Additionally, other major compounds were Î²-farnesene (5.7%), menthofuran (4.2%), 1,8 cineole (4.1%) and Î±-humulene (3.1%). In this oil, the main classes of compounds were found to be oxygenated monoterpenes (54.5%) followed by hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes (28.9%).