The leaf oils of some genus of Annonaceae collected from Vietnam in December 2009 were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and GC coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major compounds identified in the oil of Artabotrys pallens Ast. were α-gurjunene (21.9%), α-phellandrene (20.1%) and bicycloelemene (9.6%). The oil of Goniothalamus tamirensis Pierre ex Finet & Gagnep. contained β-selinene (12.3%), bicyclogermacrene (10.9%), caryophyllene oxide (10.4%) and bicycloelemene (5.6%) in abundance. However, β-pinene (33.4%), α-pinene (32.3%) and β-caryophyllene (10.5%) were the most quantitative significant constituents of Dasymaschalon rostratum Merr. & Chun. From the oil of Uvaria pierrei Finet & Gagnep. we could identified bicycloelemene (18.3%), germacrene D (30.2%), bicyclogermacrene (26.4%) and β-bisabolene (7.7%) as the major compounds, while γ-elemene (54.0%) was the most singly abundant constituent of Uvaria dac Pierre ex Finet & Gagnep oil. All the other compounds were identified in amount less than 5% with the most prominent ones being myrcene (3.8%) and limonene (3.8%). In addition, the oil of Melodorum vietnamensis Ban., had an abundance of α-pinene (15.4%), bicyclogermacrene (13.9%), bicycloelemene (10.8%) and β-caryophyllene (9.9%). The chemotaxonomic importance of the results was also discussed.