The composition of the essential oils of six individual plants of Artemisia herba-alba Asso, growing wild in six different locations from southern Algeria, were investigated by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in combination with retention indices. Accounting for 76.3â97.2% of the oils, 132 constituents were identified, predominantly α-thujone (traceâ47.1%), camphor (5.6â30.0%), chrysanthenone (traceâ13.5%), β-thujone (traceâ9.2%), 1,8-cineole (4.1â11.4%), cis-jasmone (0.8â12.1%) and davanone (traceâ34.0.%). Regarding the α- and β-thujone toxicity and the extensive use of A. herba-alba as an aromatic and medicinal plant in folk medicine, we report here, with previous investigations, the thujone content of forty individual plants of A. herba-alba growing wild in sixteen different locations from the high table-lands, steppes and Sahara desert of Algeria. The available data indicate a high degree of variability in the percentage of the two constituents. Large amounts were present in essential oils of Ghardaia (88.9%), Ain-Sefra (59.0%), Laghouat (57.7%) and Sebdou (55.7%).