Abstract Volatile constituents of Zanthoxylum rhetsa leaves and seeds were analyzed by GC and GC/MS which resulted in the identification of 118 compounds from the leaf oil and 77 compounds from the seed oil. Caryophyllene oxide (12.7%), β-caryophyllene (9.6%), β-copaene (5.3%) and spathulenol (3.3%) were the main components of the leaf oil while sabinene (66.3%), α-pinene (6.6%), β-pinene (6.3%) and terpinen-4-ol (3â5%) were the major components of the seed oil.