Essential oils of M. pulegium L., M. rotundifolia L., M. longifolia L. and M. spicata L. were assessed for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. M. rotundifolia was distinguished by high amounts of rotundifolone (42.6%), while the main compound in M. pulegium was pulegone (66.1%). The dominant compounds in M. longifolia oil were pulegone (29.3%) and iso-menthone (25.5%). Carvone (58.7%) was the main constituent of M. spicata. Essential oils of M. longifolia and M. spicata showed the best DPPH activity. M. rotundifolia and M. longifolia exhibited the highest FRAP, and iron-chelating activity. M. pulegiumâs essential oil exhibited the best antibacterial activity. The highest antifungal activity was observed for M. rotundifolia. The variation of the biological activities among species was linked to that of their essential oil composition. The spontaneous species M. pulegium and M. rotundifolia revealing attractive chemotypes and biological activities may be included in Tunisian national mint culture programs.