Abstract The essential oil from the roots of Philodedron acutatum, collected in the north of Brazil, was analyzed by GC/MS and retention indices. Six samples were obtained in three different dates. Thirty five components were identified, the main constituents were Î±-pinene (0â23.2%), Î²-pinene (0â21.8%), 2-undecanone (0â12.7%), 2-tridecanone (1.2â34.3%) and Î²-bisabolene (0.8â49.5%).