Abstract Essential oil composition of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. of natural populations from eastern Lithuania has been studied. Samples of leaves and inflorescences of different colors [yellow and orange (f. aurantiacum (Pers.) Bleck.)] were collected from the same growing localities at flowering stage. The oils were prepared by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The 68 constituents identified comprised 73.8â90.7% of the total oil content. It was found that the principal constituents were: Î²-caryophyllene (in three inflorescence and one leaf oil), Î´-cadinene (in two leaf oils), octadecane (in one leaf oil) and heneicosane (in one inflorescence sample). Monoterpenes and oxygenated monoterpenes made up 4.0â13.9%, aliphatic hydrocarbons 0.4â35.3%, and sesquiterpenes 24.7â71.2% of the oils.