Abstract GC/MS analysis of the hydrodistilled essential oils from leaves, root bark, fruit peel, trunk bark, trunk wood, root wood and fruits of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. obtained in 0.04%, 0.01%, 0.7%, 0.003%, 0.008%, 0.07% and 0.3% yield, respectively, and also from copaiba balsam (7.3%), allowed the identification of 40 different constituents. The major compounds were: leaf and fruit oils: β-caryophyllene (16.6% and 14.8%) and γ-muurolene (25.2% and 29.8%); fruit peel oil: caryophyllene oxide (47.3%); root wood oil: caryophyllene oxide (40.5%) and 4-α-copaenol (17.6%); root bark oil: caryophyllene oxide (30.7%) and kaurene (8.2%); trunk wood oil: γ-muurolene (8.3%), caryophyllene oxide (31.0%) and kaurene (30.2%); trunk bark oil: β-bisabolol (30.5%), kaurene (16.7%) and kaurenal (31.9%); copaiba balsam oil: β-caryophyllene (53.3%).