Abstract Crushed fruits of Heracleum paphlagonicum, a rare endemic of Turkey, were hydrodistilled and the oil was analyzed by GC/MS. Ninety-seven compounds were identified representing 95.4% of the oil with octyl acetate (31.5%), hexyl butyrate (17.0%) and octyl hexanoate (10.2%) as the main constituents. Key Word Index: Heracleum paphlagonicum Umbelliferaeessential oil compositionoctyl acetatehexyl butyrateoctyl hexanoate