Abstract The chemical composition of the oils obtained from leaves of three Eugenia speciesâE. moraviana, E. klappenbachiana and E. repandaâcollected from different areas of southern Brazil, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Fifty-four compounds were identified in the different samples analyzed, representing 71.2â92.1% of the total oil contents. E. klappenbachiana was found to be constituted, mainly, by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (45.7%). The major components are derived from the aromadendrane skeleton, such as viridiflorene (6.9%) and globulol (8.7%). β-Caryophyllene was the main component of the oil of E. moraviana and E. repanda (14.5% and 16.3%, respectively). These species were also rich in β-elemene (11.8% and 7.3%) and bicyclogermacrene (5.1% and 9.4%). Key Word Index: Eugenia moraviana Eugenia klappenbachiana Eugenia repanda Myrtaceaeessential oil compositionβ-caryophylleneβ-elemeneα-humulene