Abstract Essential oils of aerial parts of two specimens of Melampodium camphoratum were analyzed by GC/MS. The plants were collected from two different localities in the Amazon Region and their oils were found to be remarkably different. One oil obtained from the sample collected at Manaus was characterized by a high content of terpinolene (30.3%), limonene (13.8%) and Î´-3-carene (13.2%). The main constituents found in the other oil distilled from a sample collected at Vigia were camphor (15.0%), Î±-phellandrene (20.5%) and Î²-caryophyllene (8.9%)