Abstract Water-distilled essential oil from leaves and flowers of Micromeria nubigena H.B.K. (Lamiaceae) were analyzed by GC and GC/MS systems. The major components identified were thymol (36.9%), carvacrol (16.7%), pulegone (10.8%), caryophyllene oxide (4.6%) and (E)-phytol (3.2%). The major volatiles released by Î²-glucosidase treatment of the aqueous plant residue were (Z)-3-hexenol (31.2%), (Z)-2-hexenol (18.3%) and Î´âcadinene (3.4%). The oil showed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Botrytis cinerea and Aspergillus niger, while the Î²-glucosidase-liberated fraction was inactive.