Abstract The composition of the essential oil obtained from the dried flowering aerial parts of Artemisia chamaemelifolia Vill. (Compositae) was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Forty-nine components have been identified in the oil of A. chamaemelifolia. The major constituents of the oil were vulgarone B (38.8%), santolinyl acetate (10.5%) and 14-hydroxy-9-epi-Î²-caryophyllene (8.4%).