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Title effect of different extraction techniques on the composition of essential oil isolated from fennel (foeniculum vulgare mill.) rhizome
Journal journal of essential oil research
Year 2022
DOI 10.1080/10412905.2022.2107102
Cited By 18
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Abstract
the aim of the presented work was to compare the efficiency of innovative (solvent-free microwave extraction, microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and supercritical co2 extraction) extraction techniques vs. conventional clevenger hydrodistillation of essential oil (eo) from poorly studied fennel rhizome. it was found that innovative extraction techniques enhance the eos/extracts isolation, save time and exclude solvents providing green ecologically technologies. solvent-free microwave extraction proved to be the most efficient with limonene and (e)-anethole as dominant compounds in concentration of 12.34 +/- 0.31 and 35.63 +/- 1.51 mg/ml, respectively, as well as with the largest number of isolated and identified compounds. primary aroma compounds were identified by two direct headspace techniques - static headspace extraction (hss) and headspace solid phase microextraction (headspace solid-phase microextraction) confirming limonene and (e)-anethole as dominant compounds in primary aroma mixture with 53.7 +/- 2.02% and 30.9 +/- 1.43% (hss) and 69.8 +/- 2.80% and 13.1 +/- 0.11% (headspace solid-phase microextraction), respectively.
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Plants
60
Compounds
221
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⚖️ Weighted (by Amount)
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Compounds
Plants
Plant Parts
All Records
CompoundCount
(e)-anethole10
limonene10
exo-fenchyl acetate8
gamma-terpinene8
myrcene8
endo-fenchyl acetate7
fenchone6
anisyl methyl ketone6
alpha-pinene6
methyl chavicol (= estragole)6
myristicin6
para-cymene6
beta-bisabolene4
alpha-cadinol4
carvacrol4
coahuilensol, methyl ether4
methyl chavicol4
beta-sinesal4
(e)-beta-farnesene4
epi-alpha-cadinol4
exo-fenchol4
para-anisaldehyde4
germacrene d4
aromatic compounds4
apiole4
linalool4
oxygen-containing monoterpenes4
(z)-anethole4
monoterpene hydrocarbons4
(e)-caryophyllene4
p-anisaldehyde3
beta-pinene3
delta-cadinene3
kessane3
(e)-beta-ocimene3
(z)-beta-ocimene3
alpha-bisabolol2
alpha-humulene2
1,8-cineole2
alpha-trans-bergamotene2
1,10-di-epi-cubenol2
trans-carveol2
butanoic acid, 2-methyl-4-methyl hexyl ester2
trans-limonene oxide2
camphor2
carvone2
cis-limonene oxide2
cuparenal2
elemicin2
methyl o-anisate2
n-dodecanol2
trans-anethole epoxide2
neocnidilide2
oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes2
sabinene2
sesquiterpene hydrocarbons2
(e)-p-methoxy-cinnamaldehyde1
(e)-para-methoxy-cinnamaldehyde1
camphene1
alpha-thujene1
PlantFamily
Foeniculum vulgareapiaceae
Plant PartCount
rhizome221
PlantCompoundPart%
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 1.39
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 5.51
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 35.63
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 30.9
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 27.69
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 13.1
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 1.39
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 5.51
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 27.69
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-anethole rhizome 35.63
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-beta-farnesene rhizome 0.06
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-beta-farnesene rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-beta-farnesene rhizome 0.06
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-beta-farnesene rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-beta-ocimene rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-beta-ocimene rhizome 1.2
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-beta-ocimene rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-caryophyllene rhizome 0.26
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-caryophyllene rhizome 0.52
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-caryophyllene rhizome 0.26
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-caryophyllene rhizome 0.52
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-p-methoxy-cinnamaldehyde rhizome 0.16
Foeniculum vulgare (e)-para-methoxy-cinnamaldehyde rhizome 0.16
Foeniculum vulgare (z)-anethole rhizome 0.36
Foeniculum vulgare (z)-anethole rhizome 0.36
Foeniculum vulgare (z)-anethole rhizome 0.26
Foeniculum vulgare (z)-anethole rhizome 0.26
Foeniculum vulgare (z)-beta-ocimene rhizome 0.01
Foeniculum vulgare (z)-beta-ocimene rhizome 2.9
Foeniculum vulgare (z)-beta-ocimene rhizome 0.01
Foeniculum vulgare 1,10-di-epi-cubenol rhizome 0.09
Foeniculum vulgare 1,10-di-epi-cubenol rhizome 0.09
Foeniculum vulgare 1,8-cineole rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare 1,8-cineole rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-bisabolol rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-bisabolol rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-cadinol rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-cadinol rhizome 0.11
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-cadinol rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-cadinol rhizome 0.11
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-humulene rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-humulene rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-pinene rhizome 0.11
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-pinene rhizome 0.19
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-pinene rhizome 0.11
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-pinene rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-pinene rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-pinene rhizome 0.19
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-thujene rhizome 3.3
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-trans-bergamotene rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare alpha-trans-bergamotene rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare anisyl methyl ketone rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare anisyl methyl ketone rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare anisyl methyl ketone rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare anisyl methyl ketone rhizome 0.01
Foeniculum vulgare anisyl methyl ketone rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare anisyl methyl ketone rhizome 0.01
Foeniculum vulgare apiole rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare apiole rhizome 0.04
Foeniculum vulgare apiole rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare apiole rhizome 0.04
Foeniculum vulgare aromatic compounds rhizome 67.4
Foeniculum vulgare aromatic compounds rhizome 70
Foeniculum vulgare aromatic compounds rhizome 84.6
Foeniculum vulgare aromatic compounds rhizome 89.2
Foeniculum vulgare beta-bisabolene rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare beta-bisabolene rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare beta-bisabolene rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare beta-bisabolene rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare beta-pinene rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare beta-pinene rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare beta-pinene rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare beta-sinesal rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare beta-sinesal rhizome 0.07
Foeniculum vulgare beta-sinesal rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare beta-sinesal rhizome 0.07
Foeniculum vulgare butanoic acid, 2-methyl-4-methyl hexyl ester rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare butanoic acid, 2-methyl-4-methyl hexyl ester rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare camphene rhizome 3.1
Foeniculum vulgare camphor rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare camphor rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare carvacrol rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare carvacrol rhizome 0.01
Foeniculum vulgare carvacrol rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare carvacrol rhizome 0.01
Foeniculum vulgare carvone rhizome 0.04
Foeniculum vulgare carvone rhizome 0.04
Foeniculum vulgare cis-limonene oxide rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare cis-limonene oxide rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare coahuilensol, methyl ether rhizome 0.09
Foeniculum vulgare coahuilensol, methyl ether rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare coahuilensol, methyl ether rhizome 0.09
Foeniculum vulgare coahuilensol, methyl ether rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare cuparenal rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare cuparenal rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare delta-cadinene rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare delta-cadinene rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare delta-cadinene rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare elemicin rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare elemicin rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare endo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare endo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare endo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.22
Foeniculum vulgare endo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.22
Foeniculum vulgare endo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.32
Foeniculum vulgare endo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.9
Foeniculum vulgare endo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.32
Foeniculum vulgare epi-alpha-cadinol rhizome 0.87
Foeniculum vulgare epi-alpha-cadinol rhizome 0.19
Foeniculum vulgare epi-alpha-cadinol rhizome 0.19
Foeniculum vulgare epi-alpha-cadinol rhizome 0.87
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchol rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchol rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchol rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchol rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 1.41
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.21
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 4.3
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 1.17
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 3.6
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 1.17
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 1.41
Foeniculum vulgare exo-fenchyl acetate rhizome 0.21
Foeniculum vulgare fenchone rhizome 0.1
Foeniculum vulgare fenchone rhizome 0.1
Foeniculum vulgare fenchone rhizome 0.11
Foeniculum vulgare fenchone rhizome 0.11
Foeniculum vulgare fenchone rhizome 0.8
Foeniculum vulgare fenchone rhizome 0.8
Foeniculum vulgare gamma-terpinene rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare gamma-terpinene rhizome 0.47
Foeniculum vulgare gamma-terpinene rhizome 0.51
Foeniculum vulgare gamma-terpinene rhizome 3.9
Foeniculum vulgare gamma-terpinene rhizome 1.2
Foeniculum vulgare gamma-terpinene rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare gamma-terpinene rhizome 0.51
Foeniculum vulgare gamma-terpinene rhizome 0.47
Foeniculum vulgare germacrene d rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare germacrene d rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare germacrene d rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare germacrene d rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare kessane rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare kessane rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare kessane rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 12.34
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 69.8
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 0.38
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 12.34
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 1.08
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 8.81
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 8.81
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 1.08
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 53.7
Foeniculum vulgare limonene rhizome 0.38
Foeniculum vulgare linalool rhizome 0.17
Foeniculum vulgare linalool rhizome 0.17
Foeniculum vulgare linalool rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare linalool rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol rhizome 0.12
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol rhizome 11.21
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol rhizome 0.9
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol rhizome 1.29
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol (= estragole) rhizome 11.21
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol (= estragole) rhizome 1.29
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol (= estragole) rhizome 0.12
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol (= estragole) rhizome 0.9
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol (= estragole) rhizome 1.4
Foeniculum vulgare methyl chavicol (= estragole) rhizome 1.3
Foeniculum vulgare methyl o-anisate rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare methyl o-anisate rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare monoterpene hydrocarbons rhizome 22.9
Foeniculum vulgare monoterpene hydrocarbons rhizome 23.4
Foeniculum vulgare monoterpene hydrocarbons rhizome 6
Foeniculum vulgare monoterpene hydrocarbons rhizome 8
Foeniculum vulgare myrcene rhizome 3.2
Foeniculum vulgare myrcene rhizome 0.16
Foeniculum vulgare myrcene rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare myrcene rhizome 1.5
Foeniculum vulgare myrcene rhizome 0.21
Foeniculum vulgare myrcene rhizome 0.16
Foeniculum vulgare myrcene rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare myrcene rhizome 0.21
Foeniculum vulgare myristicin rhizome 0.14
Foeniculum vulgare myristicin rhizome 0.04
Foeniculum vulgare myristicin rhizome 0.14
Foeniculum vulgare myristicin rhizome 0.36
Foeniculum vulgare myristicin rhizome 0.04
Foeniculum vulgare myristicin rhizome 0.36
Foeniculum vulgare n-dodecanol rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare n-dodecanol rhizome 0.02
Foeniculum vulgare neocnidilide rhizome 0.07
Foeniculum vulgare neocnidilide rhizome 0.07
Foeniculum vulgare oxygen-containing monoterpenes rhizome 6.4
Foeniculum vulgare oxygen-containing monoterpenes rhizome 3.6
Foeniculum vulgare oxygen-containing monoterpenes rhizome 3.8
Foeniculum vulgare oxygen-containing monoterpenes rhizome 3.9
Foeniculum vulgare oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes rhizome 0.8
Foeniculum vulgare oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes rhizome 2.1
Foeniculum vulgare p-anisaldehyde rhizome 0.07
Foeniculum vulgare p-anisaldehyde rhizome 0.26
Foeniculum vulgare p-anisaldehyde rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare para-anisaldehyde rhizome 0.26
Foeniculum vulgare para-anisaldehyde rhizome 0.005
Foeniculum vulgare para-anisaldehyde rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare para-anisaldehyde rhizome 0.07
Foeniculum vulgare para-cymene rhizome 0.04
Foeniculum vulgare para-cymene rhizome 0.06
Foeniculum vulgare para-cymene rhizome 0.04
Foeniculum vulgare para-cymene rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare para-cymene rhizome 0.08
Foeniculum vulgare para-cymene rhizome 0.06
Foeniculum vulgare sabinene rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare sabinene rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare sesquiterpene hydrocarbons rhizome 1.2
Foeniculum vulgare sesquiterpene hydrocarbons rhizome 0.9
Foeniculum vulgare trans-anethole epoxide rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare trans-anethole epoxide rhizome 0.05
Foeniculum vulgare trans-carveol rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare trans-carveol rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare trans-limonene oxide rhizome 0.03
Foeniculum vulgare trans-limonene oxide rhizome 0.03