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Title influence of the drying method on the volatile component profile of hypericum perforatum herb: a headspace solid-phase microextraction-gc/ms study
Journal processes
Year 2022
DOI 10.3390/pr10122593
Cited By 10
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Abstract
hypericum perforatum l. (st. john's wort) is one of the most popular medicinal plants in the world. due to its documented antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, it is used in the treatment of bacterial and viral infections as well as inflammations. it is also used to treat gastrointestinal diseases and mild to moderate depression. in recent years, there has been an increase in the popularity of herbal medicine. many people collect their own herbs and dry them at home. a common choice for quick drying of fruits, vegetables and herbs at home are food dehydrator machines. there are not many publications in the scientific literature examining the quality of dried herbal material obtained in such dryers. we characterized st. john's wort harvested in southern poland and investigated the effect of specific drying methods on the volatile component profile. the herbal raw material was dried using three methods: indoors at room temperature, in an incubator at 37 ^0c and in a food dehydrator machine. volatile components were analysed by headspace solid-phase microextraction gc/ms. the herb dried in a food dehydrator, compared to other drying methods, retained similar or slightly smaller amounts of the compounds from the mono- and sesquiterpenes group, aromatic monoterpenes, aromatic monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, aromatic sesquiterpenes and alkanes. however, monoterpenoids and compounds coming from decomposition reactions, such as alcohols, short-chain fatty acids and esters, were noticed in larger quantities. usage of a food dehydrator at home can be a convenient alternative to drying herbs. however, due to a different profile of volatile components depending on the drying method, the amount of biologically active substances needs to be considered. by using various methods of drying, the medical effects of herbs can be enhanced or weakened; therefore, further research in this direction should be continued.
1
Plants
101
Compounds
532
Records

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Compounds
Plants
Plant Parts
All Records
CompoundCount
delta-cadinene6
gamma-terpinene6
gamma-muurolene6
gamma-cadinene6
gamma-amorphene6
beta-trans-ocimene6
beta-pinene6
beta-phenethyl acetate6
beta-myrcene6
beta-himachalene6
beta-copaene6
beta-cis-ocimene6
beta-cis-caryophyllene6
beta-caryophyllene6
beta-bourbonene6
beta-acoradiene6
alpha-thujene6
alpha-terpinolene6
alpha-terpineol6
alpha-terpinene6
alpha-pinene6
alpha-phellandrene6
alpha-muurolene6
alpha-longipinene6
alpha-humulene6
alpha-himachalene6
alpha-gerjunene6
alpha-curcumene6
alpha-cubebene6
alpha-copaene6
alpha-cedrene6
alpha-cardinol6
alpha-calacorene6
alpha-cadinene6
ylangene6
verbenone6
3-methylundecane6
undecane6
tridecane6
terpinen-4-ol6
sabinene6
para-cymene6
p-cymen-8-ol6
2-methyloctane6
octadecane6
3-methyl nonane6
nonane6
nonadecane6
nerolidol6
neo-allo-ocimene6
methyl thymyl ether6
methyl salicylate6
linalool oxide6
limonene6
ledol6
heptadecane6
germacrene d6
elemene6
dodecane6
do-2-methyldecane6
decane6
decanal6
cedrene6
caryophyllene oxide6
carvacrol methyl ether6
cadalene6
benzyl benzoate6
benzyl alcohol6
benzoic acid ethyl ester6
benzeneethanol6
benzenacetaldehyde6
benzaldehyde6
aromandendrene6
alloocimene6
6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one6
2-methyldecane6
(e)-beta-farnesene6
octane4
hexanoic acid methyl ester4
(e)-2-hexenal4
spathulenol4
mintketone4
benzoic acid 2-methylpropyl ester3
benzoic acid 2-methoxy-methyl ester3
alloaromadendrene3
3-hexen-1-ol benzoate (z)-3
3-hexen-1-ol (z)-3
1 3 8-p-menthatriene3
1,3,8-p-menthatriene3
3-hexen-1-ol, (z)-3
3-hexen-1-ol, benzoate, (z)-3
allo-aromadendrene3
benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-methyl ester3
benzoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester3
acetic acid phenylmethyl ester2
acetic acid hexyl ester2
hexanal2
3-carvomenthenone2
verbenol2
acetic acid, hexyl ester2
acetic acid, phenylmethyl ester2
PlantFamily
Hypericum perforatumhypericaceae
Plant PartCount
leaf182
flower176
stem174
PlantCompoundPart%
Hypericum perforatum (e)-2-hexenal leaf 1.12
Hypericum perforatum (e)-2-hexenal flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum (e)-2-hexenal flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum (e)-2-hexenal leaf 1.12
Hypericum perforatum (e)-beta-farnesene leaf 0.58
Hypericum perforatum (e)-beta-farnesene stem 11.73
Hypericum perforatum (e)-beta-farnesene leaf 0.58
Hypericum perforatum (e)-beta-farnesene flower 4.63
Hypericum perforatum (e)-beta-farnesene stem 11.73
Hypericum perforatum (e)-beta-farnesene flower 4.63
Hypericum perforatum 1 3 8-p-menthatriene stem 0.1
Hypericum perforatum 1 3 8-p-menthatriene leaf 0.19
Hypericum perforatum 1 3 8-p-menthatriene flower 0.22
Hypericum perforatum 1,3,8-p-menthatriene stem 0.1
Hypericum perforatum 1,3,8-p-menthatriene flower 0.22
Hypericum perforatum 1,3,8-p-menthatriene leaf 0.19
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyldecane flower 5.55
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyldecane stem 3.36
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyldecane stem 3.36
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyldecane leaf 0.18
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyldecane flower 5.55
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyldecane leaf 0.18
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyloctane flower 7.04
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyloctane flower 7.04
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyloctane stem 6.03
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyloctane stem 6.03
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyloctane leaf 0.4
Hypericum perforatum 2-methyloctane leaf 0.4
Hypericum perforatum 3-carvomenthenone leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum 3-carvomenthenone leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol (z)- stem 0.38
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol (z)- leaf 1.45
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol (z)- flower 0.24
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol benzoate (z)- flower 0.08
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol benzoate (z)- stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol benzoate (z)- leaf 0.28
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol, (z)- flower 0.24
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol, (z)- leaf 1.45
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol, (z)- stem 0.38
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol, benzoate, (z)- stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol, benzoate, (z)- flower 0.08
Hypericum perforatum 3-hexen-1-ol, benzoate, (z)- leaf 0.28
Hypericum perforatum 3-methyl nonane stem 3.76
Hypericum perforatum 3-methyl nonane stem 3.76
Hypericum perforatum 3-methyl nonane leaf 0.12
Hypericum perforatum 3-methyl nonane flower 1.43
Hypericum perforatum 3-methyl nonane flower 1.43
Hypericum perforatum 3-methyl nonane leaf 0.12
Hypericum perforatum 3-methylundecane stem 0.18
Hypericum perforatum 3-methylundecane leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum 3-methylundecane flower 0.16
Hypericum perforatum 3-methylundecane stem 0.18
Hypericum perforatum 3-methylundecane flower 0.16
Hypericum perforatum 3-methylundecane leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one flower 0.19
Hypericum perforatum 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one stem 0.02
Hypericum perforatum 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one stem 0.02
Hypericum perforatum 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one flower 0.19
Hypericum perforatum 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum acetic acid hexyl ester flower 0.16
Hypericum perforatum acetic acid hexyl ester leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum acetic acid phenylmethyl ester leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum acetic acid phenylmethyl ester flower 0.19
Hypericum perforatum acetic acid, hexyl ester leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum acetic acid, hexyl ester flower 0.16
Hypericum perforatum acetic acid, phenylmethyl ester leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum acetic acid, phenylmethyl ester flower 0.19
Hypericum perforatum allo-aromadendrene stem 5.86
Hypericum perforatum allo-aromadendrene leaf 1.47
Hypericum perforatum allo-aromadendrene flower 4.01
Hypericum perforatum alloaromadendrene stem 5.86
Hypericum perforatum alloaromadendrene flower 4.01
Hypericum perforatum alloaromadendrene leaf 1.47
Hypericum perforatum alloocimene stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum alloocimene flower 0.44
Hypericum perforatum alloocimene stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum alloocimene flower 0.44
Hypericum perforatum alloocimene leaf 0.16
Hypericum perforatum alloocimene leaf 0.16
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cadinene flower 0.18
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cadinene leaf 0.57
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cadinene stem 0.27
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cadinene stem 0.27
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cadinene leaf 0.57
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cadinene flower 0.18
Hypericum perforatum alpha-calacorene flower 0.03
Hypericum perforatum alpha-calacorene flower 0.03
Hypericum perforatum alpha-calacorene leaf 0.02
Hypericum perforatum alpha-calacorene leaf 0.02
Hypericum perforatum alpha-calacorene stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum alpha-calacorene stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cardinol flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cardinol flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cardinol leaf 0.18
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cardinol leaf 0.18
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cardinol stem 0.07
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cardinol stem 0.07
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cedrene flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cedrene stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cedrene leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cedrene flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cedrene leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cedrene stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum alpha-copaene leaf 0.48
Hypericum perforatum alpha-copaene flower 0.34
Hypericum perforatum alpha-copaene leaf 0.48
Hypericum perforatum alpha-copaene stem 0.19
Hypericum perforatum alpha-copaene stem 0.19
Hypericum perforatum alpha-copaene flower 0.34
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cubebene leaf 0.34
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cubebene leaf 0.34
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cubebene stem 0.15
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cubebene flower 0.22
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cubebene stem 0.15
Hypericum perforatum alpha-cubebene flower 0.22
Hypericum perforatum alpha-curcumene stem 0.83
Hypericum perforatum alpha-curcumene leaf 0.1
Hypericum perforatum alpha-curcumene leaf 0.1
Hypericum perforatum alpha-curcumene flower 0.3
Hypericum perforatum alpha-curcumene flower 0.3
Hypericum perforatum alpha-curcumene stem 0.83
Hypericum perforatum alpha-gerjunene stem 0.06
Hypericum perforatum alpha-gerjunene flower 0.1
Hypericum perforatum alpha-gerjunene leaf 0.21
Hypericum perforatum alpha-gerjunene leaf 0.21
Hypericum perforatum alpha-gerjunene stem 0.06
Hypericum perforatum alpha-gerjunene flower 0.1
Hypericum perforatum alpha-himachalene stem 0.84
Hypericum perforatum alpha-himachalene stem 0.84
Hypericum perforatum alpha-himachalene leaf 0.13
Hypericum perforatum alpha-himachalene flower 0.85
Hypericum perforatum alpha-himachalene flower 0.85
Hypericum perforatum alpha-himachalene leaf 0.13
Hypericum perforatum alpha-humulene flower 0.53
Hypericum perforatum alpha-humulene leaf 0.63
Hypericum perforatum alpha-humulene stem 0.4
Hypericum perforatum alpha-humulene flower 0.53
Hypericum perforatum alpha-humulene stem 0.4
Hypericum perforatum alpha-humulene leaf 0.63
Hypericum perforatum alpha-longipinene stem 0.5
Hypericum perforatum alpha-longipinene stem 0.5
Hypericum perforatum alpha-longipinene leaf 0.11
Hypericum perforatum alpha-longipinene leaf 0.11
Hypericum perforatum alpha-longipinene flower 0.36
Hypericum perforatum alpha-longipinene flower 0.36
Hypericum perforatum alpha-muurolene stem 0.25
Hypericum perforatum alpha-muurolene stem 0.25
Hypericum perforatum alpha-muurolene flower 0.21
Hypericum perforatum alpha-muurolene leaf 0.88
Hypericum perforatum alpha-muurolene leaf 0.88
Hypericum perforatum alpha-muurolene flower 0.21
Hypericum perforatum alpha-phellandrene stem 0.22
Hypericum perforatum alpha-phellandrene flower 0.12
Hypericum perforatum alpha-phellandrene leaf 0.33
Hypericum perforatum alpha-phellandrene leaf 0.33
Hypericum perforatum alpha-phellandrene stem 0.22
Hypericum perforatum alpha-phellandrene flower 0.12
Hypericum perforatum alpha-pinene leaf 3.09
Hypericum perforatum alpha-pinene flower 7.42
Hypericum perforatum alpha-pinene stem 5.19
Hypericum perforatum alpha-pinene stem 5.19
Hypericum perforatum alpha-pinene flower 7.42
Hypericum perforatum alpha-pinene leaf 3.09
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinene stem 1.2
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinene flower 0.77
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinene leaf 1.4
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinene flower 0.77
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinene leaf 1.4
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinene stem 1.2
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpineol leaf 0.02
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpineol flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpineol flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpineol stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpineol leaf 0.02
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpineol stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinolene flower 0.41
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinolene stem 0.7
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinolene leaf 0.92
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinolene leaf 0.92
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinolene stem 0.7
Hypericum perforatum alpha-terpinolene flower 0.41
Hypericum perforatum alpha-thujene stem 2.13
Hypericum perforatum alpha-thujene stem 2.13
Hypericum perforatum alpha-thujene leaf 1.94
Hypericum perforatum alpha-thujene flower 1.19
Hypericum perforatum alpha-thujene flower 1.19
Hypericum perforatum alpha-thujene leaf 1.94
Hypericum perforatum aromandendrene leaf 0.3
Hypericum perforatum aromandendrene stem 0.17
Hypericum perforatum aromandendrene flower 0.18
Hypericum perforatum aromandendrene flower 0.18
Hypericum perforatum aromandendrene stem 0.17
Hypericum perforatum aromandendrene leaf 0.3
Hypericum perforatum benzaldehyde stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum benzaldehyde leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzaldehyde leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzaldehyde stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum benzaldehyde flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzaldehyde flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzenacetaldehyde leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzenacetaldehyde stem 0.47
Hypericum perforatum benzenacetaldehyde leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzenacetaldehyde flower 0.03
Hypericum perforatum benzenacetaldehyde stem 0.47
Hypericum perforatum benzenacetaldehyde flower 0.03
Hypericum perforatum benzeneethanol flower 0.76
Hypericum perforatum benzeneethanol stem 1.08
Hypericum perforatum benzeneethanol leaf 0.09
Hypericum perforatum benzeneethanol flower 0.76
Hypericum perforatum benzeneethanol leaf 0.09
Hypericum perforatum benzeneethanol stem 1.08
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid 2-methoxy-methyl ester stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid 2-methoxy-methyl ester flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid 2-methoxy-methyl ester leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid 2-methylpropyl ester leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid 2-methylpropyl ester stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid 2-methylpropyl ester flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid ethyl ester flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid ethyl ester flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid ethyl ester stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid ethyl ester leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid ethyl ester stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid ethyl ester leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-methyl ester flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-methyl ester stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-methyl ester leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzyl alcohol flower 0.28
Hypericum perforatum benzyl alcohol leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum benzyl alcohol stem 0.14
Hypericum perforatum benzyl alcohol flower 0.28
Hypericum perforatum benzyl alcohol leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum benzyl alcohol stem 0.14
Hypericum perforatum benzyl benzoate flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzyl benzoate stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzyl benzoate leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzyl benzoate flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzyl benzoate leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum benzyl benzoate stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum beta-acoradiene stem 0.07
Hypericum perforatum beta-acoradiene leaf 0.12
Hypericum perforatum beta-acoradiene flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum beta-acoradiene leaf 0.12
Hypericum perforatum beta-acoradiene stem 0.07
Hypericum perforatum beta-acoradiene flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum beta-bourbonene leaf 0.31
Hypericum perforatum beta-bourbonene stem 0.18
Hypericum perforatum beta-bourbonene leaf 0.31
Hypericum perforatum beta-bourbonene flower 0.08
Hypericum perforatum beta-bourbonene stem 0.18
Hypericum perforatum beta-bourbonene flower 0.08
Hypericum perforatum beta-caryophyllene stem 6.37
Hypericum perforatum beta-caryophyllene leaf 6.81
Hypericum perforatum beta-caryophyllene flower 12.73
Hypericum perforatum beta-caryophyllene leaf 6.81
Hypericum perforatum beta-caryophyllene stem 6.37
Hypericum perforatum beta-caryophyllene flower 12.73
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-caryophyllene leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-caryophyllene flower 0.65
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-caryophyllene leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-caryophyllene flower 0.65
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-caryophyllene stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-caryophyllene stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-ocimene leaf 25.23
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-ocimene flower 14.96
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-ocimene leaf 25.23
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-ocimene stem 3.2
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-ocimene stem 3.2
Hypericum perforatum beta-cis-ocimene flower 14.96
Hypericum perforatum beta-copaene flower 0.27
Hypericum perforatum beta-copaene leaf 0.55
Hypericum perforatum beta-copaene leaf 0.55
Hypericum perforatum beta-copaene stem 0.23
Hypericum perforatum beta-copaene stem 0.23
Hypericum perforatum beta-copaene flower 0.27
Hypericum perforatum beta-himachalene stem 1.88
Hypericum perforatum beta-himachalene leaf 0.48
Hypericum perforatum beta-himachalene flower 1.02
Hypericum perforatum beta-himachalene stem 1.88
Hypericum perforatum beta-himachalene leaf 0.48
Hypericum perforatum beta-himachalene flower 1.02
Hypericum perforatum beta-myrcene leaf 3.38
Hypericum perforatum beta-myrcene leaf 3.38
Hypericum perforatum beta-myrcene stem 1.88
Hypericum perforatum beta-myrcene flower 1.57
Hypericum perforatum beta-myrcene flower 1.57
Hypericum perforatum beta-myrcene stem 1.88
Hypericum perforatum beta-phenethyl acetate leaf 0.02
Hypericum perforatum beta-phenethyl acetate stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum beta-phenethyl acetate stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum beta-phenethyl acetate flower 1.45
Hypericum perforatum beta-phenethyl acetate flower 1.45
Hypericum perforatum beta-phenethyl acetate leaf 0.02
Hypericum perforatum beta-pinene leaf 3.64
Hypericum perforatum beta-pinene leaf 3.64
Hypericum perforatum beta-pinene stem 4.36
Hypericum perforatum beta-pinene stem 4.36
Hypericum perforatum beta-pinene flower 1.95
Hypericum perforatum beta-pinene flower 1.95
Hypericum perforatum beta-trans-ocimene leaf 6
Hypericum perforatum beta-trans-ocimene flower 2.28
Hypericum perforatum beta-trans-ocimene flower 2.28
Hypericum perforatum beta-trans-ocimene leaf 6
Hypericum perforatum beta-trans-ocimene stem 0.82
Hypericum perforatum beta-trans-ocimene stem 0.82
Hypericum perforatum cadalene leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum cadalene stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum cadalene flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum cadalene stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum cadalene flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum cadalene leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum carvacrol methyl ether flower 0.38
Hypericum perforatum carvacrol methyl ether leaf 0.56
Hypericum perforatum carvacrol methyl ether stem 0.1
Hypericum perforatum carvacrol methyl ether stem 0.1
Hypericum perforatum carvacrol methyl ether leaf 0.56
Hypericum perforatum carvacrol methyl ether flower 0.38
Hypericum perforatum caryophyllene oxide leaf 0.09
Hypericum perforatum caryophyllene oxide stem 0.04
Hypericum perforatum caryophyllene oxide stem 0.04
Hypericum perforatum caryophyllene oxide leaf 0.09
Hypericum perforatum caryophyllene oxide flower 0.07
Hypericum perforatum caryophyllene oxide flower 0.07
Hypericum perforatum cedrene flower 1.13
Hypericum perforatum cedrene stem 2
Hypericum perforatum cedrene stem 2
Hypericum perforatum cedrene leaf 0.69
Hypericum perforatum cedrene leaf 0.69
Hypericum perforatum cedrene flower 1.13
Hypericum perforatum decanal leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum decanal stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum decanal flower 0.02
Hypericum perforatum decanal leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum decanal stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum decanal flower 0.02
Hypericum perforatum decane flower 0.25
Hypericum perforatum decane leaf 0.21
Hypericum perforatum decane stem 0.27
Hypericum perforatum decane leaf 0.21
Hypericum perforatum decane stem 0.27
Hypericum perforatum decane flower 0.25
Hypericum perforatum delta-cadinene stem 1.63
Hypericum perforatum delta-cadinene stem 1.63
Hypericum perforatum delta-cadinene leaf 3.43
Hypericum perforatum delta-cadinene flower 1.37
Hypericum perforatum delta-cadinene flower 1.37
Hypericum perforatum delta-cadinene leaf 3.43
Hypericum perforatum do-2-methyldecane flower 5.33
Hypericum perforatum do-2-methyldecane flower 5.33
Hypericum perforatum do-2-methyldecane leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum do-2-methyldecane stem 0.9
Hypericum perforatum do-2-methyldecane leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum do-2-methyldecane stem 0.9
Hypericum perforatum dodecane flower 0.02
Hypericum perforatum dodecane flower 0.02
Hypericum perforatum dodecane stem 0.02
Hypericum perforatum dodecane leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum dodecane stem 0.02
Hypericum perforatum dodecane leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum elemene flower 0.04
Hypericum perforatum elemene flower 0.04
Hypericum perforatum elemene leaf 0.35
Hypericum perforatum elemene stem 0.11
Hypericum perforatum elemene stem 0.11
Hypericum perforatum elemene leaf 0.35
Hypericum perforatum gamma-amorphene stem 0.38
Hypericum perforatum gamma-amorphene flower 0.31
Hypericum perforatum gamma-amorphene flower 0.31
Hypericum perforatum gamma-amorphene leaf 0.84
Hypericum perforatum gamma-amorphene stem 0.38
Hypericum perforatum gamma-amorphene leaf 0.84
Hypericum perforatum gamma-cadinene leaf 1.69
Hypericum perforatum gamma-cadinene stem 1.06
Hypericum perforatum gamma-cadinene flower 0.8
Hypericum perforatum gamma-cadinene flower 0.8
Hypericum perforatum gamma-cadinene stem 1.06
Hypericum perforatum gamma-cadinene leaf 1.69
Hypericum perforatum gamma-muurolene stem 3.71
Hypericum perforatum gamma-muurolene flower 2.18
Hypericum perforatum gamma-muurolene leaf 1.71
Hypericum perforatum gamma-muurolene leaf 1.71
Hypericum perforatum gamma-muurolene flower 2.18
Hypericum perforatum gamma-muurolene stem 3.71
Hypericum perforatum gamma-terpinene leaf 2.56
Hypericum perforatum gamma-terpinene flower 1.59
Hypericum perforatum gamma-terpinene stem 2.62
Hypericum perforatum gamma-terpinene leaf 2.56
Hypericum perforatum gamma-terpinene stem 2.62
Hypericum perforatum gamma-terpinene flower 1.59
Hypericum perforatum germacrene d stem 1.8
Hypericum perforatum germacrene d flower 0.69
Hypericum perforatum germacrene d leaf 7.53
Hypericum perforatum germacrene d leaf 7.53
Hypericum perforatum germacrene d stem 1.8
Hypericum perforatum germacrene d flower 0.69
Hypericum perforatum heptadecane flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum heptadecane stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum heptadecane leaf 0.02
Hypericum perforatum heptadecane stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum heptadecane flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum heptadecane leaf 0.02
Hypericum perforatum hexanal leaf 0.28
Hypericum perforatum hexanal leaf 0.28
Hypericum perforatum hexanoic acid methyl ester flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum hexanoic acid methyl ester flower 0.01
Hypericum perforatum hexanoic acid methyl ester leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum hexanoic acid methyl ester leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum ledol stem 0.04
Hypericum perforatum ledol flower 0.03
Hypericum perforatum ledol flower 0.03
Hypericum perforatum ledol leaf 0.17
Hypericum perforatum ledol stem 0.04
Hypericum perforatum ledol leaf 0.17
Hypericum perforatum limonene stem 2.29
Hypericum perforatum limonene leaf 3.2
Hypericum perforatum limonene leaf 3.2
Hypericum perforatum limonene flower 1.58
Hypericum perforatum limonene stem 2.29
Hypericum perforatum limonene flower 1.58
Hypericum perforatum linalool oxide flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum linalool oxide stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum linalool oxide leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum linalool oxide stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum linalool oxide leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum linalool oxide flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum methyl salicylate flower 0.32
Hypericum perforatum methyl salicylate leaf 0.11
Hypericum perforatum methyl salicylate flower 0.32
Hypericum perforatum methyl salicylate stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum methyl salicylate stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum methyl salicylate leaf 0.11
Hypericum perforatum methyl thymyl ether leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum methyl thymyl ether flower 0.11
Hypericum perforatum methyl thymyl ether stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum methyl thymyl ether stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum methyl thymyl ether flower 0.11
Hypericum perforatum methyl thymyl ether leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum mintketone stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum mintketone stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum mintketone leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum mintketone leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum neo-allo-ocimene stem 0.22
Hypericum perforatum neo-allo-ocimene flower 0.83
Hypericum perforatum neo-allo-ocimene stem 0.22
Hypericum perforatum neo-allo-ocimene leaf 1.99
Hypericum perforatum neo-allo-ocimene flower 0.83
Hypericum perforatum neo-allo-ocimene leaf 1.99
Hypericum perforatum nerolidol leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum nerolidol leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum nerolidol stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum nerolidol stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum nerolidol flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum nerolidol flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum nonadecane stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum nonadecane stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum nonadecane leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum nonadecane leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum nonadecane flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum nonadecane flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum nonane stem 5.37
Hypericum perforatum nonane leaf 0.41
Hypericum perforatum nonane stem 5.37
Hypericum perforatum nonane flower 1.54
Hypericum perforatum nonane flower 1.54
Hypericum perforatum nonane leaf 0.41
Hypericum perforatum octadecane flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum octadecane flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum octadecane stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum octadecane leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum octadecane stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum octadecane leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum octane stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum octane flower 0.02
Hypericum perforatum octane flower 0.02
Hypericum perforatum octane stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum p-cymen-8-ol leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum p-cymen-8-ol stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum p-cymen-8-ol flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum p-cymen-8-ol flower 0.05
Hypericum perforatum p-cymen-8-ol leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum p-cymen-8-ol stem 0.03
Hypericum perforatum para-cymene leaf 0.33
Hypericum perforatum para-cymene stem 1.22
Hypericum perforatum para-cymene flower 0.72
Hypericum perforatum para-cymene flower 0.72
Hypericum perforatum para-cymene leaf 0.33
Hypericum perforatum para-cymene stem 1.22
Hypericum perforatum sabinene flower 1.3
Hypericum perforatum sabinene leaf 7.77
Hypericum perforatum sabinene flower 1.3
Hypericum perforatum sabinene stem 1.31
Hypericum perforatum sabinene stem 1.31
Hypericum perforatum sabinene leaf 7.77
Hypericum perforatum spathulenol stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum spathulenol stem 0.01
Hypericum perforatum spathulenol leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum spathulenol leaf 0.03
Hypericum perforatum terpinen-4-ol stem 0.13
Hypericum perforatum terpinen-4-ol flower 0.18
Hypericum perforatum terpinen-4-ol stem 0.13
Hypericum perforatum terpinen-4-ol leaf 0.87
Hypericum perforatum terpinen-4-ol flower 0.18
Hypericum perforatum terpinen-4-ol leaf 0.87
Hypericum perforatum tridecane stem 1.21
Hypericum perforatum tridecane flower 0.91
Hypericum perforatum tridecane leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum tridecane stem 1.21
Hypericum perforatum tridecane leaf 0.01
Hypericum perforatum tridecane flower 0.91
Hypericum perforatum undecane flower 2.09
Hypericum perforatum undecane leaf 0.48
Hypericum perforatum undecane stem 7.57
Hypericum perforatum undecane stem 7.57
Hypericum perforatum undecane leaf 0.48
Hypericum perforatum undecane flower 2.09
Hypericum perforatum verbenol stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum verbenol stem 0.05
Hypericum perforatum verbenone flower 0.02
Hypericum perforatum verbenone stem 0.02
Hypericum perforatum verbenone flower 0.02
Hypericum perforatum verbenone leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum verbenone stem 0.02
Hypericum perforatum verbenone leaf 0.05
Hypericum perforatum ylangene flower 0.39
Hypericum perforatum ylangene leaf 0.2
Hypericum perforatum ylangene stem 0.43
Hypericum perforatum ylangene leaf 0.2
Hypericum perforatum ylangene flower 0.39
Hypericum perforatum ylangene stem 0.43