|
trans-carveol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-nociceptive
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.05
|
184253
|
|
para-cymene-8-ol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.05
|
184257
|
|
myrtenal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, neuroprotective
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.05
|
184262
|
|
alpha-thujene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflamatory and use as a bio-insecticide and flavoring agent
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.05
|
184284
|
|
beta-pinene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.1
|
184276
|
|
beta-asarone
|
|
NA
|
leaf
|
0.1
|
184281
|
|
(e)-nerolidol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-parasitic, sedative, insecticidal
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.1
|
184295
|
|
delta-elemene
|
anti-cancer; anti-bacterial; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; anti-proliferative
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.2
|
113296
|
|
beta-pinene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.2
|
113301
|
|
trans-pinocarveol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.2
|
184252
|
|
thymol
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti--inflammatory
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.2
|
184254
|
|
terpinen-4-ol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti--cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.2
|
184255
|
|
para-cymene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.2
|
184258
|
|
carvacrol
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti--inflammatory
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.2
|
184273
|
|
beta-elemene
|
anti-cancer, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.2
|
184277
|
|
alpha-terpineol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.2
|
184285
|
|
alpha-cubebene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti--cancer
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.2
|
184289
|
|
nonadecane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.3
|
113286
|
|
decanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, plant volatile, insect semiochemical
|
fatty aldehydes
|
flower
|
0.3
|
113298
|
|
cuparene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cuparane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
113299
|
|
beta-elemene
|
anti-cancer, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
113302
|
|
alpha-muurolene
|
anti-bacterial and anti-fungal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
113311
|
|
(-)-beta-ocimene
|
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
113319
|
|
gossonorol
|
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.3
|
184267
|
|
beta-bourbonene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti- cancer
|
bourbonane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.3
|
184279
|
|
alpha-campholenicaldehyde
|
|
NA
|
leaf
|
0.3
|
184291
|
|
(e)-beta-ocimene
|
anti-microbial & anti-fungal
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.3
|
184298
|
|
limonene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer,anti-microbial
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.4
|
113288
|
|
beta-bisabolene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.4
|
113307
|
|
alpha-thujene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflamatory and use as a bio-insecticide and flavoring agent
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.4
|
113309
|
|
nonanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
leaf
|
0.4
|
184261
|
|
eicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (reported in plant extracts; limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
leaf
|
0.4
|
184269
|
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.4
|
184288
|
|
nonanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
flower
|
0.5
|
113285
|
|
spathulenol
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-oxidant properties
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.5
|
184256
|
|
limonene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer,anti-microbial
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.5
|
184265
|
|
alpha-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.5
|
184283
|
|
heneicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.6
|
113290
|
|
menthol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, analgesic, cooling agent, anti-pruritic
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.6
|
184263
|
|
linalool
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.6
|
184264
|
|
di-epi-alpha-cedrene
|
|
cedrane and isocedrane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.6
|
184270
|
|
linalool
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.7
|
113287
|
|
humulene oxide ii
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant,cytotoxic
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.7
|
184266
|
|
zingiberene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, insecticidal
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.8
|
113283
|
|
beta-cubebene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, insect-repellent
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.8
|
113303
|
|
(z)-beta-farnesene
|
aphid alarm pheromone and plant defense or semiochemical agent
|
farnesane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.8
|
113317
|
|
germacrene b
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.9
|
113292
|
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
0.9
|
184271
|
|
epi-cedrol
|
|
cedrane and isocedrane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1
|
113294
|
|
epi-alpha-muurolol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1
|
113295
|
|
beta-bisabolol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, wound healing
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
1
|
184280
|
|
alpha-cadinol
|
anti-fungal, anti-microbial, and potential anti--hypertensive (ace-inhibitory)
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.1
|
113315
|
|
nondecane
|
|
hydrocarbons
|
leaf
|
1.1
|
184260
|
|
bornyl acetate
|
prominent anti--inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective biological activities
|
camphane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
1.1
|
184274
|
|
alpha-patchoulene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
patchoulane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
1.1
|
184287
|
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.2
|
113312
|
|
alpha-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, anti-microbial properties, insect attraction
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.2
|
113314
|
|
(e)-beta-farnesene
|
a natural sesquiterpene acting primarily as an aphid alarm pheromone, insect attractant, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant agent, alarm pheromone, pest synergism
|
farnesane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.2
|
113318
|
|
alpha-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, anti-microbial properties, insect attraction
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
1.4
|
184290
|
|
(e)-gamma-bisabolene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
1.4
|
184297
|
|
octadecane
|
no significant intrinsic pharmacological bioactivity and is biologically inert
|
hydrocarbons
|
leaf
|
1.5
|
184259
|
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
1.5
|
184275
|
|
alpha-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.7
|
113308
|
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.8
|
113297
|
|
9-epi-beta-caryophyllene
|
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
1.8
|
184294
|
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.9
|
113300
|
|
alpha-cubebene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti--cancer
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.9
|
113313
|
|
tricosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
2.3
|
113284
|
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
2.3
|
184268
|
|
beta-bourbonene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti- cancer
|
bourbonane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
2.6
|
113305
|
|
6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and semiochemical (pheromone)
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
flower
|
3.1
|
113316
|
|
ar-curcumene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti--inflammatory; anti-oxidant; anti-cancer
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
3.1
|
184282
|
|
beta-bisabolol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, wound healing
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
3.5
|
113306
|
|
hexadecanoic acid
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti-oxidant
|
branched fatty acids
|
flower
|
3.6
|
113289
|
|
viridiflorol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and cytotoxic
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
3.8
|
184251
|
|
allo-aromadendrene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; cytotoxic
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
5.1
|
184293
|
|
alpha-pinene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
leaf
|
6.6
|
184286
|
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
8.1
|
184272
|
|
beta-caryophyllene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective properties
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
8.7
|
113304
|
|
alpha-pinene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
8.9
|
113310
|
|
alpha-asarone
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-platelet, hypolipidemic, anti-thrombotic
|
NA
|
leaf
|
10.9
|
184292
|
|
beta-caryophyllene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective properties
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
leaf
|
12
|
184278
|
|
gamma-bisabolene
|
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
12.6
|
113293
|
|
(e)-methyl isoeugenol
|
|
cinnamic acids and derivatives
|
leaf
|
15.3
|
184296
|
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
17.8
|
113291
|
