|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
para-cymene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
1.3
|
213352
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
trans-pinocarveol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
0.9
|
166876
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
trans-verbenol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, insect semiochemical
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
0.8
|
166875
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
tridecane
|
no established bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
166874
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
valencene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, insecticidal
|
eremophilane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213361
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
tridecanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal (limited evidence)
|
fatty aldehydes
|
1.6
|
213360
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
trans-sabinene hydrate
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213359
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
trans-alpha-bergamotene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial
|
bergamotane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213358
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
thymol
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti--inflammatory
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213357
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
terpinen-4-ol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti--cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.4
|
213356
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
silphin-1-ene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence)
|
silphinane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.4
|
213355
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
sabinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
9.1
|
213354
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
pentacosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
213353
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
trans-carveol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-nociceptive
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.7
|
166877
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octadecane
|
no significant intrinsic pharmacological bioactivity and is biologically inert
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213351
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213350
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.6
|
213349
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonadecane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
213348
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
myrcene
|
sedative, analgesic, and anti--inflammatory
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
1.2
|
213347
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
limonene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer,anti-microbial
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213346
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
humulene epoxide ii
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213345
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
hexadecane
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-- inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.2
|
213344
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptadecane
|
anti-bacterial (limited evidence), plant metabolite, insect semiochemical
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213343
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213342
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d-4-ol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, cytotoxic
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213341
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.4
|
166901
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cadinol
|
anti-fungal, anti-microbial, and potential anti--hypertensive (ace-inhibitory)
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.7
|
166923
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, nematicidal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.7
|
166920
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, anti-microbial properties, insect attraction
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
166919
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
166918
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-pinene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
2.9
|
166915
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
beta-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
166914
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
beta-caryophyllene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective properties
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.7
|
166913
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
beta-cubebene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, insect-repellent
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
6.3
|
166911
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
3.2
|
166910
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
borneol
|
anti--inflammatory & anti-oxidant
|
camphane monoterpenoids
|
10.6
|
166907
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
bornyl acetate
|
prominent anti--inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective biological activities
|
camphane monoterpenoids
|
5.9
|
166906
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
camphene
|
anti-oxidant & cardioprotective, hypolipidemic, anti-microbial & anti-fungal, anti-cancer potential and anti--inflammatory
|
camphane monoterpenoids
|
2.4
|
166903
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
25.6
|
213340
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
cubebol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.8
|
166899
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
cubenol
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, cytotoxic, and acaricide activities
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
166898
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
3.9
|
166896
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
166892
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
limonene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer,anti-microbial
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
24.7
|
166888
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
linalool
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
1.1
|
166887
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
myrcene
|
sedative, analgesic, and anti--inflammatory
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
0.3
|
166886
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
phytol
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
2.7
|
166884
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
pinocarvone
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.4
|
166883
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
sabinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
4.2
|
166882
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
terpinene-4-ol
|
anti-microbial & anti-parasitic, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.9
|
166880
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-pinene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
1.6
|
213302
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemol
|
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213314
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemene
|
anti-cancer, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213313
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-curcumene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213312
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, cytotoxic/anti--proliferative, insect signaling
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213311
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaen-4-alpha-ol
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213310
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213309
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bourbonene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti- cancer
|
bourbonane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213308
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bisabolene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.1
|
213307
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
ar-curcumene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti--inflammatory; anti-oxidant; anti-cancer
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213306
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
213305
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-terpineol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213304
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-sesquisabinene
|
|
cyclobisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213303
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-isocomene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence; sesquiterpene)
|
isocomane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
213315
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.1
|
213301
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-gurjunene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213300
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cubebene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti--cancer
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213299
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, anti-microbial properties, insect attraction
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.7
|
213298
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, nematicidal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213297
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cadinene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal, anti--inflammatory, anti-fungal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.4
|
213296
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213295
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
4-epi-cubebol
|
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.5
|
213294
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
2,5-dimethoxycymene
|
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213293
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-beta-ocimene
|
anti-microbial & anti-fungal
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
0.6
|
213292
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-beta-caryophyllene
|
cb2 receptor agonist with strong anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and analgesic properties
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
3.5
|
213291
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
daucene
|
|
daucane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.2
|
213327
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
geranyl-alpha-terpinene
|
anti-microbial, fragrance component
|
NA
|
0.1
|
213339
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-terpinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial & anti-fungal,anti--inflammatory and anti-nociceptive
|
monocyclic monoterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213338
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-muurolene
|
anti-microbial and anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
213337
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eudesma-4(14),7dien-1beta-ol
|
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
3.2
|
213336
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eneicosane
|
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
213335
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (reported in plant extracts; limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213334
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecosane
|
|
NA
|
0.1
|
213333
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecane
|
limited reports; solvent/hydrocarbon
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213332
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.2
|
213331
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-selinene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213330
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213329
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
decanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, plant volatile, insect semiochemical
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.1
|
213328
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e,e)-alpha-farnesene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, plant defense signaling, insect semiochemical
|
farnesane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213290
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cubebol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.4
|
213326
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cascarilladiene
|
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
213325
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.7
|
213324
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
calamenene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
213323
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadina-1,4-diene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213322
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadalene
|
insecticidal, anti-feedant, and cytotoxicity properties
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.9
|
213321
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
bicyclogermacrene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; cytotoxic; insecticidal
|
bicyclogermacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.2
|
213320
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
213319
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-sesquiphellandrene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
5.1
|
213318
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.3
|
213317
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-pinene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
2.1
|
213316
|
