|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
humulene epoxide ii
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
10.8
|
213486
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
trans-calamenene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.4
|
166878
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
valencene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, insecticidal
|
eremophilane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
213495
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
tridecanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal (limited evidence)
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.3
|
213494
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
trans-alpha-bergamotene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial
|
bergamotane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213493
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
terpinen-4-ol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti--cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213492
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
silphin-1-ene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence)
|
silphinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213491
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
pentacosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
213490
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octadecane
|
no significant intrinsic pharmacological bioactivity and is biologically inert
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.8
|
213489
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213488
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonadecane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.4
|
213487
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
terpinene-4-ol
|
anti-microbial & anti-parasitic, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
5.4
|
166879
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
hexadecane
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-- inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
213485
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptadecane
|
anti-bacterial (limited evidence), plant metabolite, insect semiochemical
|
hydrocarbons
|
1.2
|
213484
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
213483
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d-4-ol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, cytotoxic
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213482
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
11.7
|
213481
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
geranyl-alpha-terpinene
|
anti-microbial, fragrance component
|
NA
|
0.2
|
213480
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-muurolene
|
anti-microbial and anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213479
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eudesma-4(14),7dien-1beta-ol
|
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
11.8
|
213478
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eneicosane
|
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
213477
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
3.5
|
166900
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cadinol
|
anti-fungal, anti-microbial, and potential anti--hypertensive (ace-inhibitory)
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
5.3
|
166922
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, nematicidal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
166921
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-muurolene
|
anti-bacterial and anti-fungal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.6
|
166917
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-muurolol
|
anti-fungal, anti-microbial, wood preservative action
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
2
|
166916
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
beta-cubebene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, insect-repellent
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
166912
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
10.1
|
166909
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
borneol
|
anti--inflammatory & anti-oxidant
|
camphane monoterpenoids
|
7.9
|
166908
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
bornyl acetate
|
prominent anti--inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective biological activities
|
camphane monoterpenoids
|
19.5
|
166905
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
cadalene
|
insecticidal, anti-feedant, and cytotoxicity properties
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
166904
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
carvone
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; anti-cancer; insecticidal; anti-spasmodic
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.6
|
166902
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (reported in plant extracts; limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.2
|
213476
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
166897
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
desmethoxyencecalin
|
|
merohemiterpenoids
|
6
|
166895
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
eicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (reported in plant extracts; limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.8
|
166894
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
elemol
|
tick repulsion, anti--inflammatory effects, anti-microbial properties
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
2
|
166893
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
heptadecane
|
anti-bacterial (limited evidence), plant metabolite, insect semiochemical
|
hydrocarbons
|
1.1
|
166891
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
humulene epoxide ii
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.5
|
166890
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
limonene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer,anti-microbial
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
15
|
166889
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
para-cymene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
1
|
166885
|
|
Xanthium strumarium
|
asteraceae
|
spathulenol
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-oxidant properties
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.6
|
166881
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-gurjunene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213444
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, cytotoxic/anti--proliferative, insect signaling
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213454
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaen-4-alpha-ol
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
4.8
|
213453
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213452
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bourbonene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti- cancer
|
bourbonane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.3
|
213451
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bisabolene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213450
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
ar-curcumene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti--inflammatory; anti-oxidant; anti-cancer
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213449
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213448
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-terpineol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213447
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-sesquisabinene
|
|
cyclobisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213446
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213445
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-curcumene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213455
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cubebene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti--cancer
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213443
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, anti-microbial properties, insect attraction
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.4
|
213442
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, nematicidal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213441
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cadinene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal, anti--inflammatory, anti-fungal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.3
|
213440
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
0.6
|
213439
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
4-epi-cubebol
|
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.6
|
213438
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
2,5-dimethoxycymene
|
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.05
|
213437
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-phytol
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213436
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-beta-caryophyllene
|
cb2 receptor agonist with strong anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and analgesic properties
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
213435
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
calamenene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
213465
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecosane
|
|
NA
|
0.2
|
213475
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecane
|
limited reports; solvent/hydrocarbon
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213474
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-selinene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
213473
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.2
|
213472
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
decanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, plant volatile, insect semiochemical
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.1
|
213471
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
daucene
|
|
daucane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.7
|
213470
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cyclocolorenone
|
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
4.2
|
213469
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cubebol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213468
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cascarilladiene
|
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213467
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213466
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e,e)-alpha-farnesene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, plant defense signaling, insect semiochemical
|
farnesane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213434
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadina-1,4-diene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213464
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadalene
|
insecticidal, anti-feedant, and cytotoxicity properties
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
6.3
|
213463
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
bicyclogermacrene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; cytotoxic; insecticidal
|
bicyclogermacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
213462
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
1
|
213461
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-sesquiphellandrene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.2
|
213460
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.6
|
213459
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-isocomene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence; sesquiterpene)
|
isocomane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213458
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemol
|
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
12.3
|
213457
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemene
|
anti-cancer, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213456
|
