|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-beta-ocimene
|
anti-microbial & anti-fungal
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213364
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
myrcene
|
sedative, analgesic, and anti--inflammatory
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
0.4
|
213420
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cyclocolorenone
|
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.6
|
213399
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-gurjunene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213373
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
trans-alpha-bergamotene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial
|
bergamotane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213431
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
bicyclogermacrene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; cytotoxic; insecticidal
|
bicyclogermacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.7
|
213392
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-sesquiphellandrene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213390
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-curcumene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213384
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bisabolene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.7
|
213379
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
ar-curcumene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti--inflammatory; anti-oxidant; anti-cancer
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.6
|
213378
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bourbonene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti- cancer
|
bourbonane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.5
|
213380
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
calamenene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213395
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadalene
|
insecticidal, anti-feedant, and cytotoxicity properties
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
3.4
|
213393
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadina-1,4-diene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213394
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213381
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cascarilladiene
|
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213397
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, nematicidal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213370
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cadinene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal, anti--inflammatory, anti-fungal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213369
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.6
|
213402
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-muurolene
|
anti-microbial and anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213410
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
1.7
|
213396
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-beta-caryophyllene
|
cb2 receptor agonist with strong anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and analgesic properties
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.5
|
213363
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
213377
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, anti-microbial properties, insect attraction
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.5
|
213371
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaen-4-alpha-ol
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.7
|
213382
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, cytotoxic/anti--proliferative, insect signaling
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.4
|
213383
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.6
|
213391
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cubebol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213398
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
4-epi-cubebol
|
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213367
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cubebene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti--cancer
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213372
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-sesquisabinene
|
|
cyclobisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213376
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
daucene
|
|
daucane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.5
|
213400
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemol
|
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
3.4
|
213386
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemene
|
anti-cancer, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213385
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
valencene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, insecticidal
|
eremophilane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.6
|
213433
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eudesma-4(14),7dien-1beta-ol
|
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
5.8
|
213409
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-selinene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213403
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213389
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e,e)-alpha-farnesene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, plant defense signaling, insect semiochemical
|
farnesane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213362
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
decanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, plant volatile, insect semiochemical
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.1
|
213401
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
tridecanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal (limited evidence)
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.3
|
213432
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.2
|
213404
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
0.3
|
213422
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
31.9
|
213413
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d-4-ol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, cytotoxic
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213414
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
humulene epoxide ii
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
2.8
|
213418
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
4.5
|
213374
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
hexadecane
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-- inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213417
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonadecane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213421
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.05
|
213423
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptadecane
|
anti-bacterial (limited evidence), plant metabolite, insect semiochemical
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213416
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octadecane
|
no significant intrinsic pharmacological bioactivity and is biologically inert
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213424
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
pentacosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213426
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.05
|
213415
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eneicosane
|
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.3
|
213408
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (reported in plant extracts; limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.1
|
213407
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecane
|
limited reports; solvent/hydrocarbon
|
hydrocarbons
|
0.2
|
213405
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-isocomene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence; sesquiterpene)
|
isocomane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.2
|
213387
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
limonene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer,anti-microbial
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213419
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
2,5-dimethoxycymene
|
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213366
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
terpinen-4-ol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti--cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213429
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
thymol
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti--inflammatory
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213430
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
para-cymene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213425
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-terpinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial & anti-fungal,anti--inflammatory and anti-nociceptive
|
monocyclic monoterpenoids
|
0.9
|
213411
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
geranyl-alpha-terpinene
|
anti-microbial, fragrance component
|
NA
|
0.1
|
213412
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecosane
|
|
NA
|
0.1
|
213406
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
0.3
|
213368
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-phytol
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
4.3
|
213365
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-pinene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
1.1
|
213375
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-pinene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
2.1
|
213388
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
silphin-1-ene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence)
|
silphinane sesquiterpenoids
|
0.1
|
213428
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
sabinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
5.3
|
213427
|
