|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bisabolene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.7
|
213379
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bourbonene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti- cancer
|
bourbonane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
2.5
|
213380
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.2
|
213381
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaen-4-alpha-ol
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.7
|
213382
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, cytotoxic/anti--proliferative, insect signaling
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.4
|
213383
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-curcumene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213384
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemene
|
anti-cancer, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213385
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemol
|
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
3.4
|
213386
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-isocomene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence; sesquiterpene)
|
isocomane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.2
|
213387
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-pinene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
2.1
|
213388
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213389
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-sesquiphellandrene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.2
|
213390
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.6
|
213391
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
bicyclogermacrene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; cytotoxic; insecticidal
|
bicyclogermacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.7
|
213392
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadalene
|
insecticidal, anti-feedant, and cytotoxicity properties
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
3.4
|
213393
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadina-1,4-diene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.2
|
213394
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
calamenene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.1
|
213395
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.7
|
213396
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cascarilladiene
|
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213397
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cubebol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213398
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cyclocolorenone
|
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
1.6
|
213399
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
daucene
|
|
daucane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.5
|
213400
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
decanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, plant volatile, insect semiochemical
|
fatty aldehydes
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213401
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.6
|
213402
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-selinene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213403
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
flower
|
0.2
|
213404
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecane
|
limited reports; solvent/hydrocarbon
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.2
|
213405
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecosane
|
|
NA
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213406
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (reported in plant extracts; limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213407
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eneicosane
|
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213408
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eudesma-4(14),7dien-1beta-ol
|
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
5.8
|
213409
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-muurolene
|
anti-microbial and anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213410
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-terpinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial & anti-fungal,anti--inflammatory and anti-nociceptive
|
monocyclic monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.9
|
213411
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
geranyl-alpha-terpinene
|
anti-microbial, fragrance component
|
NA
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213412
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
31.9
|
213413
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d-4-ol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, cytotoxic
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213414
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.05
|
213415
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptadecane
|
anti-bacterial (limited evidence), plant metabolite, insect semiochemical
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213416
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
hexadecane
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-- inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213417
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
humulene epoxide ii
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
2.8
|
213418
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
limonene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer,anti-microbial
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.9
|
213419
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
myrcene
|
sedative, analgesic, and anti--inflammatory
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.4
|
213420
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonadecane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213421
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213422
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.05
|
213423
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octadecane
|
no significant intrinsic pharmacological bioactivity and is biologically inert
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213424
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
para-cymene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213425
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
pentacosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213426
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
sabinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
5.3
|
213427
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
silphin-1-ene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence)
|
silphinane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213428
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
terpinen-4-ol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti--cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213429
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
thymol
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti--inflammatory
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.1
|
213430
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
trans-alpha-bergamotene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial
|
bergamotane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213431
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
tridecanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal (limited evidence)
|
fatty aldehydes
|
flower
|
0.3
|
213432
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
valencene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, insecticidal
|
eremophilane sesquiterpenoids
|
flower
|
0.6
|
213433
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e,e)-alpha-farnesene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, plant defense signaling, insect semiochemical
|
farnesane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213434
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-beta-caryophyllene
|
cb2 receptor agonist with strong anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and analgesic properties
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
1
|
213435
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-phytol
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.9
|
213436
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
2,5-dimethoxycymene
|
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.05
|
213437
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
4-epi-cubebol
|
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.6
|
213438
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.6
|
213439
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cadinene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal, anti--inflammatory, anti-fungal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
2.3
|
213440
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, nematicidal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213441
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, anti-microbial properties, insect attraction
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.4
|
213442
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cubebene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti--cancer
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213443
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-gurjunene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213444
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
1.1
|
213445
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-sesquisabinene
|
|
cyclobisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213446
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-terpineol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213447
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213448
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
ar-curcumene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti--inflammatory; anti-oxidant; anti-cancer
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213449
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bisabolene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.3
|
213450
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bourbonene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti- cancer
|
bourbonane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
1.3
|
213451
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213452
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaen-4-alpha-ol
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
4.8
|
213453
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, cytotoxic/anti--proliferative, insect signaling
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213454
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-curcumene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.9
|
213455
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemene
|
anti-cancer, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213456
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemol
|
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
12.3
|
213457
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-isocomene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence; sesquiterpene)
|
isocomane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213458
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.6
|
213459
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-sesquiphellandrene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
2.2
|
213460
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
1
|
213461
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
bicyclogermacrene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; cytotoxic; insecticidal
|
bicyclogermacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.5
|
213462
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadalene
|
insecticidal, anti-feedant, and cytotoxicity properties
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
6.3
|
213463
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadina-1,4-diene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213464
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
calamenene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.5
|
213465
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
1.1
|
213466
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cascarilladiene
|
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213467
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cubebol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.9
|
213468
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cyclocolorenone
|
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
4.2
|
213469
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
daucene
|
|
daucane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.7
|
213470
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
decanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, plant volatile, insect semiochemical
|
fatty aldehydes
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213471
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
2.2
|
213472
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-selinene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
1
|
213473
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecane
|
limited reports; solvent/hydrocarbon
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213474
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecosane
|
|
NA
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213475
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (reported in plant extracts; limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213476
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eneicosane
|
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.3
|
213477
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eudesma-4(14),7dien-1beta-ol
|
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
11.8
|
213478
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-muurolene
|
anti-microbial and anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.3
|
213479
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
geranyl-alpha-terpinene
|
anti-microbial, fragrance component
|
NA
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213480
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
11.7
|
213481
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d-4-ol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, cytotoxic
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
1.1
|
213482
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.3
|
213483
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptadecane
|
anti-bacterial (limited evidence), plant metabolite, insect semiochemical
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
1.2
|
213484
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
hexadecane
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-- inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.3
|
213485
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
humulene epoxide ii
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
10.8
|
213486
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonadecane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.4
|
213487
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octacosane
|
structural hydrocarbon, limited bioactivity
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213488
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
octadecane
|
no significant intrinsic pharmacological bioactivity and is biologically inert
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.8
|
213489
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
pentacosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
stem
|
0.3
|
213490
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
silphin-1-ene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence)
|
silphinane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.1
|
213491
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
terpinen-4-ol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti--cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213492
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
trans-alpha-bergamotene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial
|
bergamotane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.2
|
213493
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
tridecanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal (limited evidence)
|
fatty aldehydes
|
stem
|
0.3
|
213494
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
valencene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, insecticidal
|
eremophilane sesquiterpenoids
|
stem
|
0.5
|
213495
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e,e)-alpha-farnesene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, plant defense signaling, insect semiochemical
|
farnesane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.4
|
213496
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-beta-caryophyllene
|
cb2 receptor agonist with strong anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and analgesic properties
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.5
|
213497
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
(e)-phytol
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.2
|
213498
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
4-epi-cubebol
|
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.4
|
213499
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one
|
|
phytane diterpenoids
|
fruit
|
3
|
213500
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-cadinene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal, anti--inflammatory, anti-fungal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
1.3
|
213501
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-calacorene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, nematicidal
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213502
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.9
|
213503
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
ar-curcumene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti--inflammatory; anti-oxidant; anti-cancer
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.3
|
213504
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bisabolene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213505
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-bourbonene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti- cancer
|
bourbonane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.3
|
213506
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaen-4-alpha-ol
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
2.4
|
213507
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-copaene
|
anti-oxidant capacity, cytotoxic/anti--proliferative, insect signaling
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213508
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-curcumene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213509
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemene
|
anti-cancer, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.2
|
213510
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-elemol
|
|
elemane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
7.1
|
213511
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-selinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and anti-microbial
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.4
|
213512
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-sesquiphellandrene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
bisabolane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
2.2
|
213513
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
beta-ylangene
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
copaane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213514
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
bicyclogermacrene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; cytotoxic; insecticidal
|
bicyclogermacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.9
|
213515
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadalene
|
insecticidal, anti-feedant, and cytotoxicity properties
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
4.7
|
213516
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cadina-1,4-diene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.2
|
213517
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
calamenene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.5
|
213518
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
caryophyllene oxide
|
anti--inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
2.1
|
213519
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cascarilladiene
|
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213520
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cubebol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
cubebane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
1.1
|
213521
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
cyclocolorenone
|
|
aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
2.4
|
213522
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
daucene
|
|
daucane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.3
|
213523
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-cadinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; insecticidal; phytoalexin , anti-cancer effects
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.3
|
213524
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
delta-selinene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.8
|
213525
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
dodecanal
|
anti-microbial, anti-fungal
|
fatty aldehydes
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213526
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eicosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (reported in plant extracts; limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213527
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
eudesma-4(14),7dien-1beta-ol
|
|
eudesmane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
45
|
213528
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
gamma-muurolene
|
anti-microbial and anti--inflammatory
|
cadinane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.6
|
213529
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
geranyl-alpha-terpinene
|
anti-microbial, fragrance component
|
NA
|
fruit
|
0.3
|
213530
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
germacrene d
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and insecticidal
|
germacrane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
1.2
|
213531
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
heptadecane
|
anti-bacterial (limited evidence), plant metabolite, insect semiochemical
|
hydrocarbons
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213532
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
hexadecane
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-- inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects
|
hydrocarbons
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213533
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
humulene epoxide ii
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
8.3
|
213534
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
nonadecane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
fruit
|
0.1
|
213535
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
pentacosane
|
plant metabolite, insect semiochemical, anti-bacterial (limited evidence)
|
hydrocarbons
|
fruit
|
0.7
|
213536
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
terpinen-4-ol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti--cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.2
|
213537
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
trans-alpha-bergamotene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial
|
bergamotane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.05
|
213538
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
tridecanal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal (limited evidence)
|
fatty aldehydes
|
fruit
|
0.2
|
213539
|
|
Xanthium spinosum
|
asteraceae
|
valencene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, insecticidal
|
eremophilane sesquiterpenoids
|
fruit
|
0.2
|
213540
|
|
Tabernaemontana longipes
|
apocynaceae
|
dehydro-1,8-cineole
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
bark
|
1.9
|
213541
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
alpha-pinene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
77.4
|
213542
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
camphene
|
anti-oxidant & cardioprotective, hypolipidemic, anti-microbial & anti-fungal, anti-cancer potential and anti--inflammatory
|
camphane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.4
|
213543
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
alpha-fenchene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant (limited evidence)
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213544
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
thuja-2,4(10)-diene
|
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.2
|
213545
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
beta-pinene
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
1.1
|
213546
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
sabinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory
|
thujane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.8
|
213547
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
myrcene
|
sedative, analgesic, and anti--inflammatory
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
1.5
|
213548
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
alpha-terpinene
|
anti-bacterial; anti-fungal; anti-oxidant; anti--inflammatory; anti-viral; insecticidal
|
monocyclic monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.05
|
213549
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
para-cymene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213550
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
limonene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer,anti-microbial
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
1.8
|
213551
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
(z)-beta-ocimene
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, insect semiochemical
|
acyclic monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213552
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
gamma-terpinene
|
anti-oxidant, anti-microbial & anti-fungal,anti--inflammatory and anti-nociceptive
|
monocyclic monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213553
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
terpinolene
|
anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, and sedative bioactivities
|
NA
|
male bark
|
1.3
|
213554
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
alpha-campholenal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
NA
|
male bark
|
0.4
|
213555
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
trans-pinocarveol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.3
|
213556
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
cis-verbenol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-biofilm, anti--inflammatory, anti-protozoal
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.2
|
213557
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
trans-verbenol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, insect semiochemical
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
1.2
|
213558
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
trans-pinocamphone
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, insecticidal (neurotoxic at high doses)
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.05
|
213559
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
pinocarvone
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213560
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
para-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol
|
|
monocyclic monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.3
|
213561
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
cis-pinocamphone
|
anti-microbial, insecticidal
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.05
|
213562
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
terpinen-4-ol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, and anti--cancer
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213563
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
alpha-terpineol
|
anti-microbial, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213564
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
myrtenal
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, neuroprotective
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.2
|
213565
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
verbenone
|
anti--aggregation pheromone, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial & anti-cancer
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
1.6
|
213566
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
trans-carveol
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti--inflammatory, anti-nociceptive
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.2
|
213567
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
carvacrol methyl ether
|
anti-microbial, anti-oxidant
|
menthane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.2
|
213568
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
safrol
|
|
cinnamic acids and derivatives
|
male bark
|
0.2
|
213569
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
bornyl acetate
|
prominent anti--inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective biological activities
|
camphane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213570
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
trans-myrtanol acetate
|
|
pinane monoterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.05
|
213571
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
alpha-champinene
|
|
chamigrane sesquiterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.05
|
213572
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
beta-longipinene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant
|
longipinane sesquiterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.05
|
213573
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
methyl eugenol
|
insect attractant (semiochemical), anesthetic, anti-oxidant
|
cinnamic acids and derivatives
|
male bark
|
0.2
|
213574
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
(e)-caryophyllene
|
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti--inflammatory, anti-oxidant, analgesic, anti-cancer, neuroprotective
|
caryophyllane sesquiterpenoids
|
male bark
|
3.2
|
213575
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
cis-thujopsene
|
|
thujopsane sesquiterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.1
|
213576
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
alpha-humulene
|
anti--inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-microbial
|
humulane sesquiterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.3
|
213577
|
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
cupressaceae
|
(e)-beta-farnesene
|
a natural sesquiterpene acting primarily as an aphid alarm pheromone, insect attractant, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant agent, alarm pheromone, pest synergism
|
farnesane sesquiterpenoids
|
male bark
|
0.05
|
213578
|
